Foreign Policy Association
Browse Groups
  • About
  • Bookstore
  • Events
  • Great Decisions
  • Membership
  • Donate
Home Topics Defense & Security Arms Control and Proliferation

Iran Report: Let’s Be Literal

By: William Sweet
Note: This post reflects the views of the author, not those of the Foreign Policy Association. The author is an independent contributor.


Differences in interepretation of the IAEA report center on what it says–literally and between the lines–about whether Iran continued with weaponization activities after 2003.

As they say in television, let’s go to the videotape.

The report says in Paragraphs 19 and 20 that in the late 1990s or by the early 2000s, weaponization activities were consolidated in the so-called AMAD Plan, which had Dr. Mohsen Fakhrizadeh as executive officer and reported to the Ministery of Defense Armed Forces Logistics (MODAFL).

Paragraphs 23 and 24 contain this salient language: “owing to growing concerns about the international security situation in Iraq and neighboring countries at that time [2003] work on the AMAD Plan was stopped rather abruptly. . . however, staff remained in place to record and document the achievement of their respective projects . . . [workplaces were cleaned or eliminated] “so that there would be little to identify the sensitive nature of the work”; but information indicates that “some activities previously carried out under the AMAD Plan were resumed later, and that Mr. Fakhizadeh retained the principal organizational role [and] continued to report to MODAFL”; further, information indicates that “in February 2011, Mr. Fakhizadeh moved his seat of operations from MUT to an adjacent location known as the Modjeh Site, and that he now leads the Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research.” “The Agency is concerned because some of the activities undertaken after 2003 would be highly relevant to a nuclear weapon program.” [my italics]

Related Articles from this category

Great Decisions 2026
  • Topics
Great Decisions 2026 Topic announcement
September 3, 2025 2 min. read
Read more
  • International
  • Topics
The Missing Pillar
April 10, 2024 6 min. read
Tags: Canada, Cuba, Embargo, Haiti, United States, Venezuela
Read more
  • International
  • Topics
Tanks and the Invincibility Myth
April 3, 2024 4 min. read
Tags: Abrams, Leopard 2, NATO, Russia, tanks, Ukraine
Read more
  • International
  • Topics
In Waiting for the Great Displacement
March 8, 2024 7 min. read
Tags: China, human rights, Iran, Middle East, Russia, Ukraine, United States, WAR
Read more
  • International
  • Topics
After the Eleventh Hour
February 29, 2024 5 min. read
Tags: development, Japan, peace, WAR
Read more
  • International
  • Topics
Departing the Red Sea
February 7, 2024 3 min. read
Tags: China, Houthis, India, Iran, Middle East, missiles, Russia, shipping
Read more
  • International
  • Topics
The Modernisation of Old Artillery
January 30, 2024 6 min. read
Tags: A-50, Artillery, IL-22, missiles, radar, Russia, Ukraine
Read more
  • International
  • Topics
Accessory to Casus Belli
January 16, 2024 5 min. read
Tags: AI, Casus Belli, corruption, international law, laundering, missile defence, missiles
Read more

Sign up for updates!

Get news from Foreign Policy Association in your inbox.

  • Events
  • Upcoming Events
  • Past Events
  • Event Video
  • Great Decisions
  • Topic Resources
  • Materials
  • Groups
  • Membership
  • About
  • Become a Member
  • Manage Profile
  • Contact Membership
  • About
  • Mission
  • History
  • Press
  • Contact
  • Privacy Policy
© 2026 Foreign Policy Association